On-premise scenarios:
FES embedded deployment option
In this case, the SAP Fiori UI components are deployed on the SAP back-end/SAP S/4HANA system itself. If several systems using this deployment option are used, one has to use multiple SAP Fiori launchpads.
FES hub deployment
In this case, the SAP Fiori UI components are deployed on the SAP Gateway hub system, which is then called the SAP Fiori front-end server.
The hub-based deployment option is not recommended if several SAP S/4HANA systems are used because it is currently not possible to support different SAP S/4HANA releases in an FES hub deployment scenario. This is because SAP S/4HANA 1709 applications do not support SAP S/4HANA 1610 back-end systems. Since multiple SAP S/4HANA systems cannot be upgraded simultaneously, one has to go for the FES embedded deployment option instead.

SAP Cloud Platform Scenarios
The key takeaway is that focus scenario are the following: